Radial Multipole Magnets
Generally speaking, the number of poles refers to the multi-pole magnetization of the motor rotor magnetic ring. For magnetic rings, 2-pole magnetic rings are mostly used in small DC motors, and some have 4 poles; while stepping motors, BLDC motors, and synchronous motors use magnetic rings with 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 24, 48….Etc. even-numbered poles, but in actual operation, due to the limitations of conditions, such as wire diameter, current density, heat dissipation, volume and other factors, the maximum number of magnetization poles within the specified diameter range is limited, the number of poles The ratio to the size of the circumference forms a limit on the width of the magnetic poles. If the width of the magnetic poles is less than 1 mm, it is very difficult to magnetize. Therefore, for a magnetic ring with a certain diameter, the number of magnetized poles is limited. After the magnet is fully charged, the quality of the magnetization can be judged by observing several parameters in the waveform: average extreme value, extreme difference and area (or duty cycle). The average extreme value indicates whether the performance of magnetization or magnetic steel meets the requirements of the product; the extreme difference indicates whether the uniformity of magnetization is good or bad; the area (or duty cycle) indicates the size of the magnetization waveform. The size of the motor determines the output of the motor, but the larger it is, the greater the positioning torque of the motor, and the feel of rotation is not good. Generally, in a DC motor, a large output is required, so the duty ratio is large; while a BLDC motor requires stable rotation, it has an index - torque fluctuation, especially at low speed, the smaller the torque fluctuation, the magnetization waveform is required closer to a sine wave. This means that we require the rising edge of the magnetization waveform to rise steadily and slowly.
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